Search results for " Causation"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
Il nesso di causalità
2018
The essay deals with the issue of causation in private law, referring to the broad debate that commits the scholars of criminal law. The basic idea is that in the area of private law, both in the law in action and in the reflections of the doctrine, the causal judgment must be conducted more rigorously. The study proposes to apply in a more inflexible way the model of judgment already experimented in criminal law, corrected with the necessary adaptations to the characteristics of liability in private law and of the civil trial. The proposed model is structured on two levels: the general one of a nomologicaldeductive nature (general causation) and the other concrete one based on logical prob…
Causalità e responsabilità contrattuale (tenzone tra un giudice e un professore). Parte I: La causalità generale
2022
Il saggio si articola in due parti. Nella prima vengono affrontate le due fasi del giudizio sulla causalità materiale, soffermandosi, in particolare, sul nodo dell'individuazione delle regole di causalità generale, sul problema sistematico dell'unitarietà o meno della nozione di causalità materiale, anche alla luce della portata degli art. 40 e 41 c.p., e sulla necessità di differenziare le regole probatorie della causalità materiale nel diritto civile rispetto a quelle operanti nel diritto penale. Nella seconda parte viene approfondito il tema controverso dell'autonomo rilievo o meno della causalità materiale nella responsabilità per inadempimento delle obbligazioni di facere professionale…
Causalità e responsabilità contrattuale (tenzone tra un giudice e un professore). Parte II: La causalità materiale e le obbligazioni di facere profes…
2022
Il saggio si articola in due parti. Nella prima vengono affrontate le due fasi del giudizio sulla causalità materiale, soffermandosi, in particolare, sul nodo dell'individuazione delle regole di causalità generale, sul problema sistematico dell'unitarietà o meno della nozione di causalità materiale, anche alla luce della portata degli art. 40 e 41 c.p., e sulla necessità di differenziare le regole probatorie della causalità materiale nel diritto civile rispetto a quelle operanti nel diritto penale. Nella seconda parte viene approfondito il tema controverso dell'autonomo rilievo o meno della causalità materiale nella responsabilità per inadempimento delle obbligazioni di facere professionale…
Costly punishment prevails in intergroup conflict.
2011
Understanding how societies resolve conflicts between individual and common interests remains one of the most fundamental issues across disciplines. The observation that humans readily incur costs to sanction uncooperative individuals without tangible individual benefits has attracted considerable attention as a proximate cause as to why cooperative behaviours might evolve. However, the proliferation of individually costly punishment has been difficult to explain. Several studies over the last decade employing experimental designs with isolated groups have found clear evidence that the costs of punishment often nullify the benefits of increased cooperation, rendering the strong human tenden…
The Counterfactual Reasoning and the Manipulative Account of Causality: the Origin of Causal Thinking from Free Will
2018
The creative class: do jobs follow people or do people follow jobs?
2017
Accepted manuscript version. Published version available in Regional Studies, DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2016.1254765 Regional adjustment models are applied to explore causal interaction between two types of people distinguished by educational attainment, and two types of jobs: creative class jobs and other jobs. Data used are for labour market regions in Finland, Norway and Sweden from the 2000s. Creative class jobs follow people with high educational attainment (one way causation), but creative class jobs also follow other jobs and vice versa (circular causation). The results suggest that stimulating creative class job growth could be accomplished through attracting people with higher educatio…
Mother and offspring fitness in an insect with maternal care: phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and egg care
2014
Background Oviparous females have three main options to increase their reproductive success: investing into egg number, egg mass and/or egg care. Although allocating resources to either of these three components is known to shape offspring number and size, potential trade-offs among them may have key impacts on maternal and offspring fitness. Here, we tested the occurrence of phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and maternal expenditure on egg care in the European earwig, Forficula auricularia, an insect with pre- and post-hatching forms of maternal care. In particular, we used a series of laboratory observations and experiments to investigate whether these three components no…
Micro-macro. Note su un'idea di Douglas Hofstadter
2010
The paper aims to explain the theoretical meaning of the so-called down-ward causation. It is a fundamental property of the emergent systems.
Saggezza dei patterns e nuove strategie cooperative
2013
The paper aims to analyze the concept of downward causation and the role that it plays in the theoretical frameworks of biology and cognitive science.
A Fair Share of Work: Is Fairness of Task Distribution a Mediator Between Transformational Leadership and Follower Emotional Exhaustion?
2019
Drawing on social resource theory and the norm of equity, this research proposes fairness of task distribution as a mediating mechanism of the well-established relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ well-being, conceptualizing the latter as low emotional exhaustion. Using data from 479 German employees in a three-wave longitudinal study, we found transformational leadership to be related to fair task distribution over time. The perceived fairness of task distribution mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and follower emotional exhaustion (structural equation modeling) when excluding stabilities. Our results also show a reverse causation effec…